depression

Depression has become as one of the most common illnesses in present day world. In most countries the number of people who would suffer from depression during their lives falls within an 8–12% range. Depression was identified in the WHO report as the leading global cause of years of health lost to disease in both men and women. It may become chronic and recurrent illness. It is an illness characterized by presence of cluster of symptoms rather than just sad mood and results in marked distress and socio occupational dysfunction.

Symptoms

• A constant feeling of sadness, anxiety, and emptiness
• A general feeling of pessimism sets in (the glass is always half empty)
• The person feels hopeless
• Individuals can feel restless
• The sufferer may experience irritability
• Patients may lose interest in activities or hobbies they once enjoyed
• He/she may lose interest in sex
• Levels of energy feel lower, fatigue sets in
• Many people with a depressive illness find it hard to concentrate, remember details, and make decisions
• Sleep patterns are disturbed - the person may sleep too little or too much
• Eating habits may change - he/she may either eat too much or have no appetite
• Suicidal thoughts may occur - some may act on those thoughts
• The sufferer may complain more of aches and pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems. These problems do not get better with treatment.

Treatment

1. Medications : mainstay for treatment for moderate to severe illness. Treatment for the episode usually lst from 6-9 mths.

2. Hospitalization : require about 6-8 session of abt 45 mins , useful in mild to moderate depression.

3. and Modified electro convulsive therapy : used in severe depression with suicidal ideas or attempts.